Decoding your DNA

Does the story adequately discuss the costs of the intervention?

Not Satisfactory

The story explained "For a thousand dollars, customers get a scan of their DNA."  The story did not, however, discuss whether any insurer would cover the cost. We think that it is important to include this information.  Giving cost info without insurability info is almost useless unless one is catering only to an independently wealthy audience.

Does the story adequately quantify the benefits of the treatment/test/product/procedure?

Not Satisfactory

While the story provided examples of individuals who were ‘relieved’ to learn that their genetics suggested their risk of something was not elevated, the company’s consent form does a better job of helping consumers understand that the limited (questionable?) benefit from the information provided at this time and warns that the information should not be the basis on which any changes are made to health behaviors.

Does the story adequately explain/quantify the harms of the intervention?

Not Satisfactory

The harms of such testing were given short shrift.  When the company founders were asked whether insurance companies could use the information generated against a person, their response was that they "did not believe so".  However, the company’s consent form cautions that this is a real risk. It states:  "If an employer or insurance company obtained your genetic information through your sharing of it or by legally binding requirements, they could use your genetic data to deny you employment or coverage."  

Clearly the focus was on the ‘fun’ genetics of traits such as eye color, or the nice feeling upon learning that one’s risk of a specific cancer was not elevated.  Although a question about what to do about less cheery information was raised, it was not answered in any depth. This is an important area of concern that should be explored in a news story about comprehensive genetic analysis.

Does the story seem to grasp the quality of the evidence?

Not Satisfactory

When one of the founders of the company was asked on-air about the accuracy of the information generated, her response was that the reason for starting the company now was that "the data has become so incredibly accurate".  She further elaborated that the results from the company they contract with to run the analysis is "amazingly accurate".  It is reassuring that the company founder has strong beliefs about this; however her faith is in contradiction with the consent one must agree to before ordering the analysis kit which actually provides estimates of error.  So rather than describing the accuracy with adjectives, there are actual numbers that were available to provide more complete information.

Does the story commit disease-mongering?

Not Satisfactory

This piece frames risk factors or even normal human variations as diseases. Are we now supposed to be worried about being slow caffeine metabolizers?  Wet ear wax makers?   Bitter taste perceivers?  More time was spent on these topics than on cancer or diabetes. 

There is a great bioethical dilemma about the utility of tests for something for which there is no preventive meausure or unsure course of treatment.  As an example this story mentions that the test can inform you about your risk of developing multiple sclerosis.  But, while once raising the question overall about what one would do with the DNA information, it failed to specifically address the quandry of the example it raised with MS. 

It is ironic and almost laughable that so much of the airtime was spent discussing the test’s ability to determine traits (e.g., blue eyes, ear wax consistency, how brussels sprouts taste) which you don’t even need a DNA test to determine.   

Does the story use independent sources and identify conflicts of interest?

Not Satisfactory

The story had interview material with the company’s founders and with two consumers (one of whom was the reporter himself – yikes!) of the company’s services. Although a partial comment from a genetic counselor was included, it was inadequate to provide a balanced view of how the information from this service can be used.  

Does the story compare the new approach with existing alternatives?

Not Satisfactory

At the very beginning, it was mentioned that there are several commercial entities that will analyze a consumer’s DNA.  There was not any discussion about the relative merits of one over another nor any time spent discussing the different utility of genetic diagnosis and genetic screening.

For balance, it would have been interesting to interview someone who has decided to forgo analysis of their genotype.  

Does the story establish the availability of the treatment/test/product/procedure?

Not Satisfactory

This piece talked about commercially available DNA analyses.  It failed to explicitly mention that the costs are not covered by insurance – which clearly impacts how truly available they are .