This story attempted to provide readers with some insight about the results of recent study that a medication (ezetimibe) used to lower cholesterol may have an unforeseen side effect on cancer incidence and/or death.
But the story:
This is one time when it is helpful to compare how other journalists covered the story. The New York Times piece in its continuing excellent "Evidence Gap" series did a far better job of giving context and explaining the questions surrounding ezetimibe to readers. The Associated Press says it had three reporters working on this piece. The end result could have been much better.
There was no discussion of cost.
The story provided several pieces of information about the benefits of treatment. The first was that the drug Vytorin did not demonstrate benefit for individuals with aortic valve disease. The second piece of information that was partially presented was that the drug Vytorin is used to lower cholesterol. Here the story was inadequate because it did not indicate how well the drug worked in terms of its ability to lower cholesterol and did not provide quantitative information about the potential benefit of lowering cholesterol.
The story indicated that there was a question as to whether the use of the medication Vytorin was associated with an increased risk of developing cancer or dying of cancer. However – while supplying the reader with the actual number of individuals in the respective groups that developed cancer, the story gave no denominator (i.e. how many people were in the group) – so it is not possible for readers to do a meaningful comparison of how the numbers compare to one another.
The story attempted to explain the sources of the data being combined in order to get a clearer indication of whether or not there was an increased risk of cancer. It could have done a better job of explaining the type of studies and that the observed increase in cancer was not for a specific type or types of cancer but was seen only when all cancers were combined.
There was some disease mongering in that the story – at times – framed high cholesterol as a disease itself and failed to emphasize that the goal is to reduce heart attacks and strokes, for which there isn’t good evidence. This isn’t difficult to explain – the New York Times did an excellent job on this issue on the same story this same day.
The story included quotes from several investigators who were not directly associated with the study reported on.
The story included a statement from Dr. Weaver indicating that if the only way to get his cholesterol down was to take Vytorin, he would not change his therapy based on the results of the recent study. However the story (and Dr. Weaver) failed to indicate what the options are for patients who are intent on lowering their cholesterol.
The story makes it clear that "Vytorin is a combination of Merck’s Zocor, a long-sold statin drug, and Schering-Plough’s Zetia, a newer type of medicine that lowers cholesterol in a different way."
The story indicated that the drug under investigation was a combination of 2 medications that lowered cholesterol, one of which utilized a novel mechanism.
Does not appear to rely on a press release.
Systematic, Criteria-Driven
Monday at #ADA2021, an infectious disease epidemiologist, a journalist, and a researcher shared perspectives on communication of risk in the era of COVID-19: http://ow.ly/ROfR30rMeE7 @AstleyCM @garyschwitzer @berthahidalgo @ADA_DiabetesPro
Shoutouts to @susan_bewley @drkevinknopf @MichaelBaum11 in this call for more than fawning coverage from press releases for these kinds of stories.
Also, linked history inside goes back 5 years just on Grail apparently trying to become Holy Grail. https://twitter.com/garyschwitzer/status/1408849696416841731
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