This television news segment reports on the claim that a drug called Baclofan successfully treated a French physician’s alcoholism. It draws on the opinion of a single medical expert who has ambivalent comments on it.
There is nothing wrong with airing a segment about one doctor’s unusual claim. Indeed, given the book’s popularity, you could argue a report is useful to the public.
Unfortunately, the producer and reporter fail to follow medical journalism best practices:
The viewer’s takeaway is likely to be: A French doctor says a pill cured his alcoholism. I wonder if [name of friend or family member] should try it?
Given how little is known about the pill and the singularity of the doctor’s experience, this is not a good outcome.
Alcoholism is a serious, deadly disease. Alcoholics and their loved ones are very hopeful for a "cure." They deserve a more diligent, detailed, responsible report than this one.
The story does not state the price of the drug or what the duration of the treatment would be.
No data is cited about the effectiveness of the drug.
While the segment mentions that the drug has "had little success in clinical trials," this should have been explored a bit more. The lack of proof of efficacy is too central to a viewer’s understanding of the story to justify simply mentioning it in passing. The expert interviewed heaps more hope on the pill by saying that in combination with other drugs it looks even better. Where’s the data?
The segment does not mention Baclofen’s risks, which include respiratory failure, irregular heartbeat, fainting and vomiting. There is also a risk of withdrawl syndrome when the drug is stopped after chronic use.
The report is based on the general topic of a book written by a French physician. We know nothing about his credibility or the nature of the book, aside from that it’s a "best seller."
The report should have made clear whether the book contains any evidence other than the single case of the author’s experience.
The one line at the very end is too little too late – "Dr. Garbutt says Baclofen has had little success in clinical trials and doesn’t work for all alcoholics." What does "little success" mean? How many does it not work for? What’s the evidence?
The story does not overstate the severity or prevalence of alcoholism. It resists using anecdotes to create emotion.
Having said that, the visuals that accompany this story–exotic drinks in upscale venues–create one visual portrayal of alcohol dependence. A bigger picture would portray people in cheap liquor stores, car wrecks, ERs and homeless shelters. The story runs the risk of conveying the message: "Don’t you wish it were safe for you (suffering alcoholic) to indulge in drinking the way these people can? This magic bullet should excite you!"
The segment interviews one expert on alcoholism.
That’s not sufficient for a story that highlights a provocative, suspect claim about a serious and deadly condition.
The story mentions that other drugs are used to treat alcoholism, and the opinion that Baclofen may eventually play a role in multiple-drug approaches. Naltrexone is mentioned but other approved medications are not (i.e. acamprosate and disulfiram).
The story should have mentioned the success rate of controlling alcoholism with medications or other treatments– which include psychotherapy with community self-help and treatment of withdrawal–so viewers could put this potential treatment in context.
Current treatments include psychotherapy and community self-help and treatment of withdrawal.
The segment makes clear that the drug Baclofen is a widely used muscle relaxer. The images on screen make clear that it is a prescription drug, not an over-the-counter product.
The story makes clear that the drug is widely used but its application to alcoholism is novel.
We can’t be sure what prompted the story – why the author of the book on which all the news is based wasn’t interviewed – and why the expert who was interviewed was chosen.
Systematic, Criteria-Driven
Take all the issues enmeshed in any cancer screening story and amplify it with the liquid biopsy issue. @AP's @CarlaKJohnson. did a solid job here. https://apnews.com/article/science-business-health-hodgkin-lymphoma-oregon-ca899bb9c4c7f1859d4e9ce16a1cf78d
Come on, NY Times; you must do better than this. Important research doesn’t need hype and the “breaking news” BS doesn’t help readers or patients. https://www.healthnewsreview.org/2022/03/nyt-proclaims-breaking-news/
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